 | Structured computer organization
 | Translation |
| Interpretation |
| Virtual machine |
| "layered" computers
 | Gates are level 0 (AND, OR, etc.) |
| Register (single binary number memory) |
| Micro architecture, level 1 (machine language)
| Registers, ALU, Data Path |
| Micro program or hardware may control the data path |
| If micro program, interprets instructions from level 2 |
|
| Instruction Set Architecture, (ISA Level) level 2 |
| Operating system machine level, level 3 |
| Levels 4 and above, applications programmers (assembly lang.) |
| Level 5, high level languages |
|
| Data types, operations, and features ==> Computer Architecture |
| "Hardware and Software are logically equivalent." |
| Hardware or Software? Cost, Speed, Reliability, Change? |
|
